Avoiding
Advance-Fee Loan Scams
Legitimate
lenders never "guarantee" or say that you are likely to
get a loan or a credit card before you apply, especially if you
have bad credit, no credit,
or a bankruptcy.
If you apply for a real estate loan, it is accepted and common practice
for lenders to request payment for a credit report or appraisal.
However, legitimate lenders never ask you to pay for processing
your application.
Never
give your credit card account number, bank account information,
or Social Security Number over the telephone or Internet unless
you are familiar with the company and know why the information is
needed.
If you
don't have the offer in hand -- or confirmed in writing -- and you're
asked to pay, don't do it. It's fraud and it's against the law.
The
Truth About Advance-Fee Loan Scams
The vast
majority of lenders are owned and managed by legitimate professionals.
But fraudulent loan brokers and other individuals misrepresenting
the availability of credit and credit terms definitely are in business.
One of their favorite strategies is the "advance-fee"
loan. That's when they guarantee you'll get a loan or other type
of credit - but you must pay before you apply.
Recognizing
An Advance-Fee Loan Scam
Advertisements that promise loans generally appear in the classified
section of local and national newspapers and magazines, and on the
Internet. They also may appear in radio advertisements, on local
cable stations, and in flyers circulated in neighborhoods, shopping
centers and at military bases. Often, these ads feature "900"
numbers, which result in charges on your phone bill, or toll-free
"800" numbers. Unfortunately, advertising in recognized
media outlets or on the Internet does not guarantee the legitimacy
of the company behind the ad. In addition, these companies often
use delivery systems other than the U.S. Postal Service, such as
overnight or courier services, to avoid detection and prosecution
by postal authorities.
Some
companies claim they can guarantee you a loan for a fee paid in
advance. The fee may range from $100 to several hundred dollars.
Indeed, small businesses have been charged as much as several thousand
dollars as an advance fee for a loan. Whether you are an individual
consumer or an owner of a small business, the result is the same:
you don't get your money; the con artist does. And once con artists
get your money, they disappear.
Don't
confuse a legitimate pre-approved credit offer with a legitimate
pre-qualified offer from mortgage brokers, banks, savings and loans,
and credit unions. A pre-approved offer requires only your verbal
or written acceptance. A pre-qualified offer means you've been selected
to apply. However, you still must go through the normal application
process, and you still can be turned down.
Protecting
Yourself
According to the Telemarketing Sales Rule, if someone guarantees
or suggests that there is a strong chance they can get or arrange
a loan or other form of credit for you, it's against the law to
ask you to pay - or accept payment - for their service until you
get your loan or credit.
Here
are some points to keep in mind before you respond to ads that promise
easy credit, regardless of your credit history:
Legitimate
lenders never "guarantee" or say that you are likely to
get a loan or a credit card before you apply, especially if you
have bad credit, no credit, or a bankruptcy.
If you apply for a real estate loan, it is accepted and common practice
for lenders to request payment for a credit report or appraisal.
However, legitimate lenders never ask you to pay for processing
your application.
Never give your credit card account number, bank account information,
or Social Security Number over the telephone or Internet unless
you are familiar with the company and know why the information is
necessary.
If you don't have the offer in hand or confirmed in writing and
you are asked to pay, don't do it. It's fraud and it's against the
law.
If You Are A Victim
If you think you've been a victim of an advance-fee loan scam, contact
your local consumer protection agency, state Attorney General or
local Better Business Bureau (BBB) to report the company.
Just
When You Thought It Was Safe...Advance-Fee Loan "Sharks"
A different
breed of "loan shark" is preying on unwary consumers by
taking their money for the promise of a loan, credit card or other
extension of credit.
Advertisements
and promotions for advance-fee loans "guarantee" or suggest
that there's a high likelihood of success that the loan will be
awarded, regardless of the applicant's credit history. But, to take
advantage of the offer, the consumer first has to pay a fee. And
that's the catch: The consumer pays the fee, the scam artist takes
off with the money, and the loan never materializes.
Legitimate
guaranteed offers of credit do not require payments up front. Legitimate
lenders may require consumers to pay application, appraisal or credit
report fees, but these fees seldom are required before the lender
is identified and the application completed. In addition, the fees
generally are paid to the lender, not to the broker or arranger
of the "guaranteed" loan.
Legitimate
lenders may guarantee firm offers of credit to credit-worthy consumers,
but they rarely do this before evaluating a consumer's creditworthiness.
Advertisements
for advance-fee loans generally appear in the classified section
of daily and weekly newspapers and magazines. Often, the ads feature
"900" numbers, which result in charges on your phone bill.
Advance-fee loans also are promoted through direct mail and radio
and cable TV spots. The appearance of ads in media outlets that
you recognize - like your local newspaper or radio station - is
no guarantee of the legitimacy of the company behind the ad.
The Federal
Trade Commission says you can avoid being bitten by advance-fee
loan sharks: Here's how:
Don't
pay for a promise. It's illegal for companies doing business
by phone to promise you a loan and ask you to pay for it before
they deliver.
Ignore any ad - or hang up on any caller - that guarantees a
loan in exchange for an advance fee. Legitimate lenders never
"guarantee" or say that you will receive a loan before
you apply, especially if you have bad credit or no credit record.
Never give your credit card or bank account numbers, or Social
Security Number, over the telephone unless you are familiar
with the company and know why the information is necessary.
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